FLEP publications

Arnup, R.W. and A.H Perera. 1995. A user needs survey on forest landscape ecology in Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 16. 37 p. + append.

Baldwin, D.J.B. 1997. Quantification of existing eco-regionalizations of Ontario. M.Sc Thesis. Graduate Department of Geography, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON. 169 p.

Baldwin, D.J.B., L.E. Band and A.H. Perera. 1999. Assessment of the spatial structure and properties of existing ecoregionalization systems of Ontario. In: K. Lowell and A. Jaton, (eds.), Spatial Accuracy Assessment: Land Information Uncertainty in Natural Resources. Ann Arbor Press, MI. Pp. 349-356.

Baldwin, D.J.B., L.E. Band and A.H. Perera. 1998. A quantitative basis for using Ontario's existing ecoregionalization systems. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Report No. 151. 77 p.

Baldwin, D.J.B., J.R. Desloges and L. Band. 2000. Physical geography of Ontario. In: A.H. Perera, D.L. Euler and I. D. Thompson, (eds.), Ecology of a Managed Terrestrial Landscape: Patterns and Processes of Forest Landscapes in Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources / UBC Press, Vancouver, BC. Pp. 12-29.

Baldwin, D.J.B., H.G. Godschalk, A.H. Perera and B.P. Mooney. 1994. GRASP: A GIS-based ranking system for eastern red and white pine forests in Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 15. 60 p.

Baldwin, D.J.B., K. Weaver, F. Schnekenburger and A.H. Perera. 2004. Sensitivity of landscape pattern indices to input data characteristics on real landscapes: Implications for their use in natural disturbance emulation. Landscape Ecology 19(3): 255-271.

Baldwin, D.J.B., K. Weaver, F. Schnekenburger and A.H. Perera. 2001. Sensitivity of landscape pattern indices to spatial extent, data resolution, and classification detail in the managed forest of Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Report No. 150. 45 p.

Band, L.E. 1994. Development of a landscape ecological model for management of Ontario forests: Phase 2 - Extension over an East/West gradient over the Province. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 17. 63 p.

Band, L.E. 1993. A pilot landscape ecological model for forests in central Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 7. 40 p.

Band, L.E., F. Csillag, A.H. Perera and J.A. Baker. 1999. Deriving an eco-regional framework for Ontario through large-scale estimates of net primary productivity. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Report No. 149. 30 p.

Boychuk, D. and A.H. Perera. 1997. Modeling temporal variability of boreal landscape age-classes under different fire disturbance regimes and spatial scales. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 27(7): 1083-1094.

Boychuk, D. and A.H. Perera. 1995. FLAP-X 1.00 User’s guide: Fire and landscape patterns - Exponential age distribution model. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 20. 36 p.

Boychuk, D., A.H. Perera, M.T. Ter-Mikaelian, D.L. Martell and C. Li. 1997. Modeling the effect of spatial scale and correlated fire disturbances on forest age distribution. Ecological Modelling 95:145-164.

Boychuk, D., A.H. Perera, M.T. Ter-Mikaelian, D.L. Martell and C. Li. 1995. Modeling the effect of scale and fire disturbance patterns on forest age distribution. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 19. 59 p.

Boyd, S.W., R.W. Butler, W. Haider and A.H. Perera. 1994. Identifying areas for ecotourism in northern Ontario: Application of a geographical information system methodology. Journal of Applied Recreational Research 19(1): 41-66.

Buse, L.J. 2009. How well do directions in MNR’s Forest Management Guide for Natural Disturbance Pattern Emulation reflect natural fire patterns? Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Insights Volume 9, Number 1. 2 p.

Buse, L.J. 2008. Public domain version of BFOLDS software now available. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Insights Volume 8, Number 2. 2 p.

Buse, L.J. 2004. Boreal Forest Landscape Dynamics Simulator (BFOLDS) being applied in forest planning in Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Insights Volume 6, Number 2. 2 p.

Buse, L.J. and A.H. Perera. 2006. Applications of forest landscape ecology and the role of knowledge transfer in a public land management agency. In: Perera, A.H., L.J. Buse and T.R. Crow (eds.), Forest Landscape Ecology: Transferring Knowledge to Practice. Springer, New York, NY. Pp. 129-156.

Buse, L.J. and A.H. Perera (comps.). 2003. Meeting Emerging Ecological, Economic, and Social Challenges in the Great Lakes Region: Popular Summaries. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Information Paper No. 155. 167 p.

Buse, L.J. and A.H. Perera (comps.). 2002. Emulating natural forest landscape disturbances: Concepts and applications. Popular summaries. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Information Paper No. 149. 100 p.

Carleton, T.J. and R.W. Arnup. 1993. Vegetation ecology of eastern white pine and red pine forests in Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 11. 425 p.

Carleton, T.J. and A.M. Gordon. 1992. Understanding old-growth red and white pine dominated forests in Ontario. Appendices. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 2. 215 p. 

Carleton, T.J. and A.M. Gordon. 1992. Understanding old-growth red and white pine dominated forests in Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 2A. 76 p.

Clark, T.P. and A.H. Perera. 1995. An overview of ecology of red and white pine old-growth forests in Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 18. 29 p.

Crow, T.R. and A.H. Perera. 2004. Emulating natural landscape disturbance in forest management – an introduction. Landscape Ecology. 19: 231-233.

Crow, T.R., A.H. Perera and L.J. Buse. 2006. Synthesis: What are the lessons for a landscape ecologists? In: Perera, A.H., L.J. Buse and T.R. Crow (eds.), Forest Landscape Ecology: Transferring Knowledge to Practice. Springer, New York, NY. Pp. 205-214.

Cui, W. and A.H. Perera. 2008. What do we know about forest fire size distribution, and why is this knowledge useful for forest management? International Journal of Wildland Fire 17: 234-244.

Cui, W. and A.H. Perera. 2008. A study of simulation errors caused by algorithms of forest fire growth models. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Report No. 167. 17 p.

Cui, W. and A.H. Perera. 2006. Forest fire size distribution in North American boreal forests: A state of knowledge. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Information Paper No. 163. 22 p.

Cui, W., M.R. Ouellette, A.H. Perera and M. Gluck. 2009. Using BFOLDS to characterize fire regimes: a case study from boreal forest landscape. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Report No. 173. 40 p.

Dalziel, B.D. and A.H. Perera. 2009. Tree mortality following boreal forest fires reveals scale-dependant interactions between community structure and fire intensity. Ecosystems 12: 973-981.

Drescher, M. and A.H. Perera. In Press. A network approach for evaluating and communicating forest change models. Journal of Applied Ecology. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2009.01754.x

Drescher, M. and A.H. Perera. In Press. Comparing two sets of forest cover change knowledge used in forest landscape management planning. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management.

Drescher, M., A.H. Perera, L.J. Buse, K. Ride and S. Vasiliauskas. 2008. Uncertainty in expert knowledge of forest succession: A case study from boreal Ontario. The Forestry Chronicle 84(2): 194-209.

Drescher, M., A.H. Perera, L.J. Buse, K. Ride and S. Vasiliauskas. 2006. Identifying uncertainty in practitioner knowledge of boreal forest succession in Ontario through a workshop approach. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Report No. 165. 53 p. 

Drescher, M., A.H. Perera, L.J. Buse, R. Arnup, C. Bowling, D. Etheridge, G. Niznowski, K. Ride and S. Vasiliauskas. 2008. Boreal forest succession in Ontario: An analysis of the knowledge space. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Report No. 171. 51 p. + append.

Euler, D.L., I.D. Thompson and A.H. Perera. 2000. Reflections on the managed forest landscape. In: A.H. Perera, D.L. Euler and I. D. Thompson, (eds.), Ecology of a Managed Terrestrial Landscape: Patterns and Processes of Forest Landscapes in Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources / UBC Press, Vancouver, BC. Pp. 323-328.

Gurd, D.B. 1997. Effects of timber management on wildlife: conceptual and analytical issues. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 24. 33 p.

Haider, W. 1992. Scenic beauty and other values of red and white pine old-growth forests. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 4. 145 p.

Jones, S.L. and B.N. Naylor. 1993. A comparison of small mammal communities in old pine forests and other common forest types in Sault Ste. Marie District. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 12. 26 p.

Kershaw, H.M. 1993. Early successional processes of eastern white pine and red pine in the Great Lakes - St. Lawrence forest. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 8. 50 p.

Kershaw, H.M. 1993. Natural establishment and early growth of eastern white pine in the Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Forest: An annotated bibliography. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 10. 66 p.

King, A.W. and A.H. Perera. 2006. Transfer and extension of forest landscape ecology: A matter of models and scale. In: Perera, A.H., L.J. Buse and T.R. Crow (eds.), Forest Landscape Ecology: Transferring Knowledge to Practice. Springer, New York, NY. Pp. 19-42.

Li, C. and A.H. Perera. 1997. ON-FIRE: A landscape model for simulating the fire regime of northwest Ontario. China Environmental Science Press, ESCY Transaction 4: 369-392.

Li, C., M.T. Ter-Mikaelian and A.H. Perera. 1997. Temporal fire disturbance patterns on a forest landscape. Ecological Modelling 99: 137-150.

Li, C., M. Ter-Mikaelian and A.H. Perera. 1996. Ontario fire regime model: Its background, rationale, development and use. Ontario Forest Research Institute, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 25. 42 p.

McLaughlin, C.G. 1998. Habitat allometry: Evaluating changes in species richness using species-area models. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 23. 28 p.

Merriam, G. 1994. Managing the land: A medium-term strategy for integrating landscape ecology into environmental research and management. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 13. 24 p.

Muñoz-Márquez, R.A.T. 2005. Human-induced climate change impacts on the boreal forest in north western Ontario. Implications for the local community and forestry sector. Ph.D. Dissertation. Regional Planning and Resource Development, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON. 237 p.

Obbard, M.E., B.A. Pond and A.H. Perera. 1998. Preliminary evaluation of GPS collars for analysis of habitat use and activity patterns of black bears. Ursus 10: 209-217.

Ouellette, M. 2008. BFOLDS 1.0: A user’s guide to the software package (Version 1.0.0). Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Information Paper No. 171. 68 p.

Ouellette, M and M. Drescher. 2010. Succession Pathway Tool 1.0: A user's guide. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Information Paper No. 173. 55 p.

Pala, S. 1994. Development of a spatial forest data base for the eastern boreal forest region of Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 14. 24 p.

Pala, S. 1992. Development of a spatial database of red and white old-growth forest in Ontario (East). Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 1. 31 p.

Pala, S. 1992. Development of a spatial database of red and white pine old-growth forests in Ontario (West). Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 5. 42 p. + append.

Perera, A.H. and D.J.B. Baldwin. 2000. Spatial patterns in the managed forest landscape of Ontario. In: A.H. Perera, D.L. Euler and I. D. Thompson, (eds.), Ecology of a Managed Terrestrial Landscape: Patterns and Processes of Forest Landscapes in Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources / UBC Press, Vancouver, BC. Pp. 74-99.

Perera, A.H. and D.J.B. Baldwin. 1993. Spatial characteristics of eastern white pine and red pine forests in Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 9. 82 p. + append.

Perera, A.H. and L.J. Buse. 2006. Multiple-scale research studies on boreal forest fire regimes to inform Ontario’s policies for emulating natural forest disturbances: A prospectus. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Information Paper No. 164. 24 p + append.

Perera, A.H. and L.J. Buse. 2004. Emulating natural forest disturbance in forest management - an overview. In: Perera, A.H., Buse, L.J., Weber, M.G. (eds.), Emulating Natural Forest Landscape Disturbances: Concepts and Applications. Columbia University Press, New York, NY. Pp. 2-7.

Perera, A.H. and L.J. Buse. 2003. To emulate natural forest disturbance or not? In: Buse, L.J. and A.H. Perera (comps.), Meeting Emerging Ecological, Economic, and Social Challenges in the Great Lakes Region: Popular Summaries. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Information Paper No. 155. Pp. 149-151.

Perera, A.H. and W. Cui. 2009. Emulating natural disturbances as a forest management goal: Lessons from fire regime simulations. Forest Ecology and Management. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2009.03.018

Perera, A.H. and D.L.Euler. 2000. Landscape ecology in forest management: An introduction. In: A.H. Perera, D.L. Euler and I. D. Thompson, (eds.), Ecology of a Managed Terrestrial Landscape: Patterns and Processes of Forest Landscapes in Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources / UBC Press, Vancouver, BC. Pp. 3-11.

Perera, A.H. and F. Schnekenburger. 1993. A computer program for Landscape Diversity Analysis: LDA Version 2.0 - (A User’s Manual). Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 6. 25 p. + append.

Perera, A. H., D.J.B. Baldwin and F. Schnekenburger. 1997. LEAP II: A Landscape Ecological Analysis Package for land use planners and managers. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Report No. 146. 88 p.

Perera, A.H., L.J. Buse and T.R. Crow. (eds.). 2006. Forest Landscape Ecology: Transferring Knowledge to Practice. Springer, New York, NY. 224 p.

Perera, A.H., L.J. Buse and T.R. Crow. 2006. Knowledge transfer in forest landscape ecology: A primer. In: Perera, A.H., L.J. Buse and T.R. Crow (eds.), Forest Landscape Ecology: Transferring Knowledge to Practice. Springer, New York, NY. Pp. 1-18.

Perera, A.H., L.J. Buse and R.G. Routledge. 2007. A review of published knowledge on post-fire residuals relevant to Ontario’s policy directions for emulating natural disturbance. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Information Paper No. 168. 37 p. + append.

Perera, A.H., L.J. Buse and R.G. Routledge. 2004. An analysis of literature on natural fire disturbances in relation to Ontario’s Forest Management Guide for Natural Disturbance Pattern Emulation. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Information Paper No. 159. 62 p.

Perera, A.H., L.J. Buse and M.G. Weber. (eds.). 2004. Emulating Natural Forest Landscape Disturbances: Concepts and Applications. Columbia University Press, New York, NY. 352 p.

Perera, A.H., W. Cui and M.R. Ouellette. 2009. Size class distribution and spatial proximity of fires in a simulated boreal forest fire regime in relation to Ontario’s policy directions for emulating natural disturbance. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Report No. 170. 29 p.

Perera, A.H., D.L. Euler and I.D. Thompson. (eds.). 2000. Ecology of a Managed Terrestrial Landscape: Patterns and Processes of Forest Landscapes in Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources / UBC Press, Vancouver, BC. 336 p.

Perera, A. H., J.A. Baker, L.E. Band and D.J.B. Baldwin. 1996. A strategic framework to eco-regionalize Ontario. Environmental Monitoring Assessment. 39:85-96.

Perera, A.H., L. J. Buse, M.G. Weber and T.R. Crow. 2004. Emulating natural forest landscape disturbances: a synthesis. In: Perera, A.H., Buse, L.J., Weber, M.G. (eds.), Emulating Natural Forest Landscape Disturbances: Concepts and Applications.Columbia University Press, New York, NY. Pp. 265-274.

Perera, A.H., B.D. Dalziel, L.J. Buse and R. Routledge. 2009. Spatial variability of stand-scale residuals in Ontario’s boreal forest fires. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 39: 945-961.

Perera, A.H., T.K. Remmel, L.J. Buse and M.R. Ouellette. 2009. An assessment of residual patches in boreal fires in relation to Ontario’s policy directions for emulating natural disturbance. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Report No. 169. 65 p. + append.

Perera, A.H., D.J.B. Baldwin, F. Schnekenburger, J.E. Osborne and R.E. Bae. 1998. Forest fires in Ontario: A spatio-temporal perspective. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Report No. 147. 22 p.

Perera, A.H., L.J. Buse, R.G. Routledge, B.D. Dalziel and T. Smith. 2008. An assessment of tree, snag, and downed wood residuals in boreal fires in relation to Ontario’s policy directions for emulating natural forest disturbance. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Report No. 168. 59 p. + append.

Perera, A.H., M.R. Ouellette, W. Cui, M. Drescher and D. Boychuk. 2008. BFOLDS 1.0: A spatial simulation model for exploring large scale fire regimes and succession in boreal forest landscapes. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Report No. 152. 50 p.

Perera, A.H., D.J.B. Baldwin, D.G. Yemshanov, F. Schnekenburger, K. Weaver and D. Boychuk. 2003. Predicting the potential for old-growth forests by spatial simulation of landscape ageing patterns. The Forestry Chronicle 79(3): 621-631.

Perera, A.H., D. Yemshanov, F. Schnekenburger, D.J.B. Baldwin, D. Boychuk and K. Weaver. 2004. Spatial simulation of broad-scale fire regimes as a tool for emulating natural forest landscape disturbance. In: Perera, A.H., Buse, L.J., Weber, M.G. (eds.), Emulating Natural Forest Landscape Disturbances: Concepts and Applications. Columbia University Press, New York, New York. Pp. 112-122.

Perera, A.H., J. Laguna, D.J.B. Baldwin, R. Bae, H. Godschalk, M. Ouellette and S. Pala. 1996. Surficial geology of ontario: A digital database. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 22. 32 p. + append. 

Remmel, T.K. 2000. Fire disturbance mapping in a northern boreal forest using AVHRR / NDVI Imagery: Comparing techniques of change detection and substrate correction. M.Sc. Thesis. Faculty of Forestry and Forest Environment, Lakehead University. Thunder Bay, ON. 98 p.

Remmel, T.K. and A.H. Perera. In Press. Mapping natural phenomena: boreal forest fires with non-discrete boundaries. Cartographica 44(4):275-289.

Remmel, T.K. and A.H. Perera. 2002. Accuracy of discontinuous binary surfaces: A case study using boreal forest fires. International Journal of Geographical Information Science 16(3): 287-298.

Remmel, T.K. and A.H. Perera. 2001. Fire mapping in a northern boreal forest: Assessing AVHRR/NDVI methods of change direction. Forest Ecology and Management 152: 119-129.

Routledge, R.G. 2007. Sampling methodology for studying boreal post-fire residual stand structure with high resolution aerial photography and field plots. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Information Paper No. 169. 37 p. + append.

Schnekenburger, F. and A.H. Perera. 2003. Regional-Scale Forest Net Primary Productivity Software (NPPAS): A user's guide. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Information Paper No. 156. 26 p.

Schroeder, D.H. 2000. A comparison of spatial vegetation of patterns following clearcuts and fires in Ontario's boreal forests. M.Sc. Thesis. Faculty of Forestry and the Forest Environment, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON. 82 p.

Schroeder, D. and A.H. Perera. 2002. A comparison of large-scale spatial vegetation patterns following clearcuts and fires in Ontario's boreal forests. Forest Ecology and Management 159(3): 217-230.

Smith, T., B.D. Dalziel and R.G. Routledge. 2008. A proposed method to rank the intensity of boreal forest fires in Ontario using post-fire high resolution aerial photographs. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Information Paper No. 170. 23 p.

Suffling, R. and A.H. Perera. 2004. Characterizing natural forest disturbance regimes: concepts and approaches. In: Perera, A.H., Buse, L.J., Weber, M.G. (eds.), Emulating Natural Forest Landscape Disturbances: Concepts and Applications. Columbia University Press, New York, NY. Pp. 43-54.

Suffling, R., M. Evans and A.H. Perera. 2003. Presettlement forest in southern Ontario: Ecosystems measured through a cultural prism. The Forestry Chronicle 79(3): 485-501.

Thompson, I.D., A. Applejohn, T.S. Jung and L.A. Walton. 1995. A short-term study of the faunal associations in old white pine ecosystems. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 21. 28 p. + append.

Weaver, K. 2002. Spatial bias in landscape ecological simulations: A case study of accounting for spatial dependence in a raster-based stochastic model using a region approach. M.Sc. Thesis. Department of Geography, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON. 138 p.

Weaver, K. and A.H. Perera. 2004. Modelling land cover transitions: A solution to the problem of spatial dependence in data. Landscape Ecology 19(3): 273-289.

Welsh, D.A., T. Clark and K. Clark. 1992. Fauna of red and white pine old-growth forests in Ontario. Issues and recommendations for research. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity Project Report No. 3. 56 p.

Yemshanov, D. and A.H. Perera. 2003. Synthesizing the published knowledge of boreal forest cover change for large-scale landscape dynamics modelling. The Forestry Chronicle 79(1): 132-146.

Yemshanov, D. and A.H. Perera. 2002. A spatially explicit stochastic model to simulate boreal forest cover transitions: general structure and properties. Ecological Modelling 150(2): 189-209.

Yemshanov, D. and A.H. Perera. 2002. Early recruitment of tree species: a knowledge gap in landscape dynamics modelling. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Forest Research Information Paper No. 150. 22 p.

Yemshanov, D. and A.H. Perera. 2001. Modelling boreal forest succession at broad scales: A North American bibliography. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. Foresty Research Information Paper No. 146. 46 p.